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Cellular energy metabolism including glycolysis and lipid oxidation provides energy to all the fundamental activities in living cells.The metabolic profile indicated by the balance between glycolysis and lipid oxidation plays a critical role in the determination of cell fates, such as proliferation, migration, apoptosis and paracrine signaling pathways.Disease associated aberrant cellular metabolism leads to the dysfunction of cells, tissues and organs.Diabetes is a metabolic syndrome characterized by abnormal glucose and lipid metabolism.The metabolic disorder in the eye which is triggered by diabetic conditions is the basis for diabetes-related ocular complications.Diabetic eye diseases include diabetic retinopathy, diabetic cataract, diabetic ocular surface disease, and visual fatigue etc.At present, studies have shown that hyperglycemia, insulin resistance can impair the glucose metabolism and utilization of eye tissue cells.Dyslipidemia and lipid oxidation disorder will cause mitochondrial dysfunction, increase oxidative stress, chronic inflammation and damage the cell function.These metabolic disturbances initiate and promote the pathogenesis of diabetes-related eye diseases.Therefore, in order to improve the prognosis in treating these diseases, the energy metabolism is an important aspect for ophthalmologists to consider, not only in medicine application but also in surgical intervention.In this article, we aim to analyze the occurrence, development and treatment of diabetes-related eye diseases from the perspective of energy metabolism, which may shed light to the research and clinic applications in diabetes-related ocular diseases.