Advances in research on rodent models of glaucoma

Glaucoma is a group of optic neuropathies characterized by the progressive loss of retinal ganglion cells and their axons, and has become a leading cause of irreversible blindness worldwide.However, the pathophysiological mechanisms of glaucoma remain poorly understood.Consequently, suitable animal models of glaucoma are crucial for elucidating the disease’s pathogenesis and improving therapeutic strategies.In recent years, rodents have increasingly become the preferred choice for glaucoma modeling due to their numerous advantages.With the exception of transgenic mice, which can spontaneously induce glaucoma, experimental glaucoma models are mainly divided into intraocular pressure-dependent and non-intraocular pressure-dependent models.The intraocular pressure-dependent glaucoma model induces intraocular pressure elevation by obstructing aqueous humor outflow in various ways.The non-intraocular pressure-dependent glaucoma model attempts to study the pathogenesis associated with normal intraocular pressure glaucoma.This article comprehensively reviews the damage mechanisms, operation methods, advantages, and limitations of various rodent models of glaucoma.

Glaucoma; Disease models, animal; Rodentia; Intraocular pressure; Transgenic mice