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Background
Artisan phakic intraocular lens (pIOL) implantation was demonstrated to be safe and effective for the correction of high myopia in short-term.However, long-term corneal endothelium status after operation should be concerned.
Objective
This study was to investigate the long-term changes of corneal endothelial cell density (ECD) and morphology following Artisan pIOL implantation for the correction of high myopia.
Methods
Fifty-one eyes of 27 patients who received Artisan PIOL implantation for high myopia from January 2005 to December 2008 were retrospectively analyzed.The central corneal ECDs were detected by corneal endothelial cell counter before surgery and 6 months and 1 year, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 years after surgery, and the coefficient of variation (CV) and standard deviation (SD) of cellular area were evaluated.ECD loss rate with time lapse was calculated ([preoperative ECD-postoperative ECD]/preoperative ECD×100%).
Results
Six years after surgery, there were 34 eyes with BCVA≥1.0, 14 eyes with BCVA higher than preoperative and 8 eyes with BCVA lower than preoperative.The mean intraocular pressure was (14.23±2.14)mmHg 6 years postoperative.The preoperative mean ECD was (3 184.05±233.55)/mm2, and the ECD was gradually reduced over time with the cell loss 2.34% in 6 months, 5.32% in 1 year, 6.32% in 2 years, 8.06% in 3 years, 12.59% in 4 years, 15.63% in 5 years and 19.49% in 6 years after operation.Before surgery, The mean CV of cellular area was 37.17±7.12, and the SD of cellular area was 118.77±21.39, and those 6 years after surgery were 32.24±4.62 and 125.60±18.49, respectively.The mean CV and SD of cellular area were significantly different among different time points (P=0.000, 0.036). Eight eyes with localized iris depigmentation, 6 eyes with IOL dyssymmetry, 3 eyes with transient high intraocular pressure and 2 eyes with Macular hemorrhage were obtained after surgery.
Conclusions
Corneal endothelial cells appear obvious changes in both number and morphology after Artisan pIOL implantation in high myopia.ECD is gradually reduced with time lapse, and the shape of the cells occur remodeling during 6-year fellow-up duration.Overall, endothelial specular microscopy is mandatory before and after surgery for a long term.