Research progress on visual defects of amblyopia

Amblyopia is a developmental disorder of visual system caused by abnormal visual experiences in critical period, whose characteristic is low monocular or binocular best corrected visual acuity and without ocular organic lesions.With the development of the research, more and more studies showed that amblyopia can not only lead to a reduction in corrected visual acuity, but also accompany by many other visual defects, such as visual crowd effect, impaired spatial contrast sensitivity, decreased vernier acuity, contour integration deficit, orientation discrimination deficit, temporal processing deficit and global processing deficit, which has become a common concern of a social problem.A comprehensive understanding of visual defects in amblyopia is of great significance on the diagnosis and treatment of amblyopia.This paper summarized the research progress of various visual defects of amblyopia, so as to provide references for the clinical diagnosis and treatment of amblyopia.

Amblyopia; Corrected visual acuity; Visual crowd effect; Spatial contrast sensitivity; Vernier acuity; Contour integration; Orientation discrimination; Temporal processing; Global processing