Advances of vascular and blood flow changes in macular area and their relationship with visual prognosis in patients with idiopathic macular hole

In recent years, idiopathic macular hole (IMH) surgery has a very high success rate due to the development of small-gauge vitrectomy, while the recovery of visual acuity is not satisfactory.Current studies have found that continuity of retinal blood vessels in the macular area and changes in retinal and choroidal perfusion are closely related to the formation and healing of MH, and have a significant impact on the visual prognosis in IMH patients.This article reviews the research progress on variations of parameters for retinal and choroidal vessels in IMH patients, as well as their relationship with visual prognosis.For retinal parameters, the changes in the foveal avascular zone, superficial and deep capillary plexus density, paracentral intraretinal cystoid spaces, retinal vessels position are discussed.Relevant research related to choroidal blood flow perfusion changes and the effects of different surgical methods on macular perfusion in patients with IMH are summarized to provide basis for further understanding the etiology and prognosis of IMH.

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