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As a computer science that seeks to simulate the problem of human intelligence, artificial intelligence (AI) is developing rapidly in many fields.The application of AI in the field of ophthalmology is increasing.With the development of medical informatization and internet medical care, medical data and machine learning algorithms continue to accumulate, and AI systems are continuously optimized and upgraded during the development of technology and applications.This paper summarized the application status of AI in ophthalmology from the aspects of data demand, source and format, application and optimization innovation of related algorithms, demand and improvement of hardware computing force, and analyzed the development status, challenges and future directions.Although there are some problems to be solved in the current development and application of AI, it is believed that AI will play an important role in clinical medicine in the near future.