Evaluation of fundus changes of pregnancy-induced hypertension syndrome by optical coherence tomography and contrast sensitivity

Background

Pregnancy-induced hypertension syndrome (PIHS) appears retinopathy.Optical coherence tomography (OCT) and contrast sensitivity (CS) has been widely used in ophthalmology, but the application of OCT and CS in PIHS fundus lesions is less reported.

Objective

This study was to assess fundus changes of PHIS by using OCT and CS.

Methods

Two hundred and thirty-three eyes of 116 PIHS patients with fundus diseases were enrolled from January 2011 to January 2014 in the Cangzhou Central Hospital.One hundred eyes of fifty normal pregnant women were collected at the same period.Best corrected visual acuity (BCVA), fundus examination, OCT, CS were performed on these subjects.The CS values and BCVA between normal pregnant woment and PIHS patients were compared by independent samples t test.The correlation between BCVA grade and CS grade, OCT grade and CS grade, OCT grade and BCVA grade was calculated by trend χ² test and Gamma rank correlation analysis.The study was approved by the Ethics Committee of Cangzhou Central Hospital, all the subjects signed informed consent.

Results

OCT results showed that 172 eyes were abnormal (65.15%), including 94 eyes with neurosensory serous retinal detachment (54.65%), 40 eyes with pigment epithelium and the ellipsoid zone change (23.26%) and 38 eyes with optic disc edema, retinal hemorrhage and other changes (22.09%). The CS values in each spatial frequency and the BCVA in the PIHS group were significantly lower than those in the normal control group (all at P<0.05). The OCT examination result was positively correlated with BCVA in the PIHS group (G=0.807, χ²=93.418, both at P=0.000). The CS value under the 6.0 c/d had the best correlation with BCVA (G=0.820, χ²=97.397, both at P=0.000). The OCT examination result was positively correlated with CS under the 6.0 c/d (G=0.932, χ²=126.376, both at P=0.000).

Conclusions

Combination of fundus examination, OCT and CS can objectively and comprehensively assess the morphology and function of retinopathy in PIHS patients, which provide the basis for the clinical diagnosis and timely treatment.

Pregnancy-induced hypertension syndrome; Retina disease; Optical coherence tomography; Contrast sensitivity