Research progress of miR-204 in the regulation of ophthalmic diseases

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are endogenous short nucleotide non-coding RNAs which widely exist in eukaryotic organisms, involved in the body’s life process, including cell growth, differentiation, proliferation, apoptosis and autophagy.MiR-204-5p is located on chromosome TRPM3 in the 9q21.12 large intron 6 expression, and miR-204 plays an important role in corneal wound healing process; and it regulates retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) tight junction integrity and maintains the blood retina barrier in a quiescent state; in human trabecular meshwork cells, miR-204 appears to play an important role in the regulation of responses to endoplasmic reticulum stress, apoptosis, and production of inflammatory mediators.Identification of additional target genes will be necessary to fully understand the biological functions of miR-204.These studies found that it is a multidimensional expression in the eye, suggesting that miR-204 is likely to be the key miRNA in different eye diseases.This article reviews the biosynthesis of miRNA, the relationship between miR-204 and diabetic keratopathy, RPE cells, human trabecular meshwork cells, age-related cataract, diabetic retinopathy, retinoblastoma and autophagy, and explore the prevention of ocular refractory diseases with new targets.