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Nowadays, the pathogenesis of primary glaucoma is unclear yet, and the treatment is tricky.MicroRNA (miRNA) is a small molecule non-coding RNA, which could inhibit the target mRNA, specifically.miRNA can regulate post-transcriptional expression, and it plays an important role in the process of cell proliferation, apoptosis, differentiation, orgnic development and metabolism.Researches in recent years found that miRNA plays an important regulatory role in the process of glaucoma, such as aqueous secretion, intraocular pressure fluctuation, trabecular meshwork remodeling, anti-glaucoma surgery filtration scarring and nerve regeneration.In this review, we summarized the mechanism of miRNA in glaucomatous lesions, and looked ahead to the future of drug targeting research in glaucoma.