Authors: Xu Yuejuan, Li Xiaohua
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Proliferative vitreoretinopathy (PVR) is an ocular fundus disease involving multiple cytokines.Its important pathological process is epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) of retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) cells.Tumor necrosis factor (TNF) is an important inflammatory response inducing factor, which can be produced by activated RPE cells, microglia, monocytes and macrophages, and then participate in the occurrence and development of PVR.In addition to cytokines, epigenetic factors such as DNA methylation also play an important role in the development of PVR, in which methyl-CpG binding protein 2(MeCP2) is involved in EMT and fibrosis, and is highly expressed in PVR membrane.The positive expression of MeCP2 is also found in transformed RPE cells and microglia.It is speculated that MeCP2 plays an important role in the occurrence and development of PVR.TNF can also stimulate the expression of MeCP2.This article reviews the role of MeCP2 and the interaction between TNF and MeCP2 in the formation of PVR.