Pediatric refractive surgery

Refractive error is an important cause of amblyopia.The traditional treatments of amblyopia in children are wearing glasses and occlusion.Children who suffered from some specific diseases, such as severe anisometropia, neurobehavioral disorders and facial dysplasia, can not tolerate traditional treatments.In recent years, refractive surgery has become a common and well-accepted therapy after experiencing several equipment and technique revolution.In 1995, photorefractive keratectomy (PRK) was firstly applied in children.From then on, some researchers have begun to carry out clinical applications in this field.According to the different anatomical locations, refractive surgery is divided into corneal refractive surgery and lens refractive surgery.In this paper, we focus on the refractive surgery in treatment of severe myopia anisometropia, hyperopic anisometropia, and myopia and review the various techniques, adaptations, risks, benefits and the outlook for the future.With the development of surgical techniques, pediatric refractive surgery will be more safe, and it provide better predictability in the future.