Research progress of gut microbiota in ophthalmic diseases

In recent years, research on gut microbiota has been increasing.Multiple studies have shown that the dysbiosis of gut microbiota plays a key role in the occurrence and development of various diseases, potentially revealing a new target for disease prevention and treatment intervention.This article reviews the role of gut microbiota in the pathogenesis and treatment of ophthalmic diseases, including autoimmune uveitis, age-related macular degeneration, diabetic retinopathy, primary open-angle glaucoma and Sjögren syndrome, etc.The mechanism of ocular tissue damage may be the imbalance of the gut microbiota affects microbial metabolites such as butyrate, which influences the intestinal epithelial cell barrier, or mediates immune responses.Investigating the role of gut microbiota dysbiosis in the development and progression of ocular diseases may improve our understanding of the mechanisms of related diseases.Regulation of the gut microbiota or modulation of the metabolites may be a potential way to treat certain eye diseases.It provides new ideas for further exploration of the pathogenesis and adjuvant treatment of such eye diseases.

Gut microbiota; Uveitis; Age-related macular degeneration; Diabetic retinopathy; Glaucoma