Study on the protective mechanisms of leptin and ghrelin with retinal ganglion cells in glaucoma

Glaucoma, a group of diseases characterized by progressive optic nerve degeneration, is the world’s first irreversible blinding eye disease.There is increasing evidence that the pathogenesis of glaucomatous neurodegeneration and neurodegenerative diseases of the central nervous system share many similarities.Epidemiologic studies have shown that there is a close relationship between obesity, metabolic dysfunction and neurodegeneration.Changes in serum levels of leptin and ghrelin, two major metabolic factors, are important links in the pathogenesis of glaucomatous retinal ganglion cells.Leptin resistance and ghrelin resistance in physiological states support that obesity is an independent risk factor for the pathogenesis of glaucoma.This review explores the protective effects of leptin and ghrelin on retinal ganglion cells and the optic nerve and considers their potential role in the prevention and treatment of glaucoma.

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