CD4+ Th cell associated cytokines and neuromyelitis optica spectrum disease

Abstract                                    [View PDF] [Read Full Text]

Neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD) is an autoimmune disease characterized by neuro-ophthalmic intercross and humoral immunity.Neuromyelitis optica related optic neuritis (NMO-ON) is often the initial symptom of NMOSD patients, with a high blinding rate, which brought a heavy blow to the quality of life, study, work and other aspects of patients.The discovery of aquaporin-4 immunoglobulin G (AQP4-IgG) has brought significant progress in the pathogenesis, diagnosis and treatment of NMOSD.However, AQP4-IgG is not a universal biomarker of NMOSD.The role of CD4⁺ T helper (Th) cell related cytokines in the pathogenesis of NMOSD has been increasingly emphasized.This paper reviewed the research results of CD4⁺ Th cell-related cytokines closely related to the occurrence of NMOSD in recent years, including Th17 cell-related cytokines such as interleukin-6 (IL-6), IL-17, IL-21, Th2 cell-related cytokines such as IL-4, IL-5, IL-13, IL-31, IL-33, and regulatory T cell-related cytokines, etc.to provide new insights for the pathogenesis, diagnosis and treatment strategies of NMOSD or NMO-ON.

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